Indian Railways to Become 100% Green Energy-Powered by 2030

In a historic move toward sustainability and energy self-sufficiency, Indian Railways has announced an ambitious plan to become 100% powered by green energy by 2030, making it the world’s first net-zero carbon railway system. As one of the largest railway networks globally, transporting over 8 billion passengers annually, Indian Railways is a major consumer of electricity and fossil fuels. By transitioning entirely to renewable energy sources, this initiative aims to drastically reduce carbon emissions, enhance energy security, and set a global example for sustainable transport. The railway system currently consumes vast amounts of diesel and coal-generated electricity, contributing significantly to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. However, with this green transformation, it is estimated that 30 million metric tons of CO? emissions will be eliminated every year, aligning with India’s broader climate commitments under the Paris Agreement and its goal of achieving net-zero emissions by 2070.

To achieve this transition, Indian Railways is implementing a multi-pronged renewable energy strategy that includes solar, wind, and battery storage technologies. The installation of 20 GW of solar power along railway tracks, station rooftops, and vacant railway land is already underway, with pilot projects in Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Rajasthan. Additionally, Indian Railways is integrating wind energy farms in states like Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Karnataka, where strong wind currents can provide stable electricity for rail operations. Another groundbreaking step is the adoption of battery-electric hybrid locomotives and hydrogen-powered trains, which will eventually replace diesel engines. India launched its first hydrogen-powered train in 2024, and further deployments are planned across key railway routes by 2026.

Beyond environmental benefits, this transition will generate significant financial savings, with Indian Railways expecting to save approximately ?13,000 crore (~$1.6 billion) annually in fuel and energy costs. The initiative is also expected to create thousands of new jobs in the renewable energy and railway electrification sectors, further contributing to economic growth. As India rapidly expands its high-speed rail and freight corridors, ensuring a sustainable, cost-effective, and energy-efficient railway system is essential. By 2030, Indian Railways will not only be a 100% green energy-powered transportation network but will also play a critical role in reducing India's overall carbon footprint and accelerating the country’s clean energy transition.